Une comparaison en conditions réelles entre des modules PV poly-ou-monocristallin, PERC et Dual.
* Il s'agit d'untest sur le terrain, et les résultats sont spécifiques à cette installation à cet emplacement,Cherchez quelle est la meilleure solution pour votre propre installation, car les résultats peuvent être différents selon les influences environnementales.
Descendre le bateau de sa remorque et aller voguer sur l'eau est quelque chose de tout simplement magique. Que vous alliez pêcher, faire du wakeboard ou voyager d'îles en îles pendant quelques jours, naviguer signifie la liberté. Vous souhaitez pouvoir avoir la même sensation en ce qui concerne l'énergie. La liberté de recharger votre téléphone et d'écouter votre musique préférée où que vous soyez. Les solutions d'énergie intelligentes de Victron offrent cette liberté pour les petits bateaux en tout genre.
Imaginez que vous emmeniez un ami à la pêche ou en week-end. Le moteur hors-bord emmène votre petit bateau au milieu du lac. La prise du jour sera le dîner que vous cuisinerez avant de camper pour la nuit sur une petite île.
Examinons ce Plan d'énergie optimal qui vous aidera à profiter de ce voyage avec tout le confort à bord.
Le moindre petit bateau repose sur un équipement électrique. Tout ce qui sera intégré à l'intérieur du bateau fonctionnera sur le courant CC, mais vous aurez besoin de courant CA pour recharger un téléphone ou un ordinateur portable. Tout ce qui est électrique utilise une certaine quantité de Watts. Additionner des Watts n'est qu'une partie du problème. La durée est toute aussi importante. Peut-être avez vous 100 Watts d'éclairage à bord, mais ils ne sont allumés que pour une période de temps limitée. Une petite glacière nécessiterait 50 Watts, par contre elle fonctionne en permanence.
À des fins de démonstration, nous présentons 2 exemples de systèmes reposant sur une consommation « normale » et « intensive ».
Profils de consommation « normale » et « intensive ». En savoir plus
En savoir plus
Les lampes peuvent consommer 100 W par heure, mais elles ne sont utilisées que 4 heures par jour.
100 W x 4 h = 0,4 kWh / jour
La glacière ne consomme que 50 W par heure, mais elle est allumée en permanence (elle refroidit vraiment la moitié du jour).
50 W x 24 h/2 = 0,6 kWh / jour
Vous ne souhaitez pas faire fonctionner le moteur tout le temps. Cela ferait peur aux poissons. La solution consiste à stocker l'énergie dans une batterie (de service), depuis laquelle le convertisseur transformera l'énergie stockée en 230 V. La batterie peut être chargée avec de la puissance de quai et également grâce à l'alternateur durant le voyage. Si vous prévoyez des voyages qui durent plusieurs jours, assurez-vous que votre batterie a une capacité suffisante pour prendre le relais pendant 48 heures, en règle générale.
La capacité de stockage d'une batterie au lithium devra être deux fois supérieure à la consommation d'énergie quotidienne.
En raison de sa capacité de décharge inférieure à ± 50 % la capacité de stockage d'une batterie au plomb devra être quatre fois supérieure à la consommation d'énergie quotidienne.
Le convertisseur doit être dimensionné de façon à gérer en continu la charge moyenne et à prendre en charge le courant de crête auquel on peut s'attendre : un travail que réalisent très bien nos convertisseurs (en moyenne 2 fois leur courant continu).
Profil de consommation d'énergie Normale et intensive en kWh, reposant sur la consommation d'énergie quotidienne, qui doit être équilibrée par rapport à la production.
Batteries de stockage en Ah, doublez la capacité pour les batteries au plomb.
How do the system design considerations translate into a robust system?
Devices you bring on board usually need an AC outlet. Think of:
As the name suggests: the battery charger recharges the boat’s battery when plugged into shore power. At the same time the Victron battery chargers will also power the boat’s electrics.
All Victron battery chargers operate automatically. You can safely keep them connected to the battery all the time, even when the boat is not in use. Waterproof chargers are also available.
Battery management systems take excellent care of Lithium batteries, protecting the individual cells of LiFePO4 batteries against over voltage, under voltage and over temperature and will shut down or reduce charging (VE.Bus products only) or disconnect the loads when this occurs.
Victron Energy offers several BMS options, in general the VE.Bus BMS and smallBMS signal separate devices to disconnect the charging (Inverter/Chargers, Cyrix-Li, DC-DC chargers) or disconnect the loads (BatteryProtect, Inverter/Charger), the modular Lynx distribution system features the Lynx BMS and other modules for more control over the DC busbar. For vehicles and boats all-in-one functionalities are available in the Smart BMS versions for Victron Lithium batteries, but also include current limiting to protect the alternator from overheating and BatteryProtect-like functionality to shut down the loads when pre-set critical battery conditions are met.
Victron Energy also offers full flexibility when it comes to selecting a third-party off-grid battery bank (and their BMS) of choice. A large number of well supported Lithium battery manufacturers can be easily integrated through the use of a mandatory GX-device. This flexibility enables our customers to perfectly match their off-grid needs for their unique power situation. When working with unsupported brands, a Victron Energy Battery Monitor is required to pass on accurate state of charge readings to the wider system.
See all our Battery Management Systems
A battery monitor is like a "fuel gauge" for your battery. It records how much power is consumed and charged. The battery monitor calculates the state of charge, remaining capacity and time till empty. The battery voltage does not give an accurate indication of how full the battery is (especially not under load). A battery monitor does.
Victron Energy battery monitors keep track of historical data, like the number of charging cycles, deepest discharge, highest voltage, lowest voltage and so on. It will alert you to critical conditions such as low voltage or low charge and can even shut down the entire power supply to avoid expensive battery damage, or start a generator.
Victron offers battery monitors with or without display, Smart versions allow you to track the detailed data and adjust settings in our free VictronConnect app.
Most Lithium systems require a Battery Management System, which can feed battery information to the wider system. In this route a Battery Monitor might become redundant. See Battery Management System for more information. Voir tous nos Contrôleurs de batterie
The Cyrix BatteryCombiner is the only safe way to connect the house battery to the starter battery (to start your boat’s engines). With a BatteryCombiner you can charge the house battery from the alternator without running the risk of draining the starter battery (which always should be ready to go). When other sources of power are available (eg. shore/solar/generator power), the Cyrix BatteryCombiner will allow bi-directional charging from the house battery to the starter battery.
When the Voltages of the starter and house batteries are the same, use a Cyrix: its current rating should be equal or bigger than the current rating of the alternator. If the house battery is Lithium and the alternators Amperage is smaller than the house battery, or when the Voltages of the starter and house battery are different: use a Orion or Buck-Boost.
The BatteryProtect disconnects the battery from non-essential loads before it is below a pre-set level (a complete discharge would damage the battery) or before it has insufficient power left to crank an engine.
There is more to a Victron Energy BatteryProtect. Built-in shutdown delays ensure vital electronics aren’t disconnected in error, i.e. when starting an engine causes a short drop in voltage. It will also automatically reconnect everything when the battery is sufficiently recharged.
The BatteryProtect has a remote switch, so it can be turned on/off via a BMS or switch. The smart version is programmable via the VictronConnect app.
The BMS 12/200 is a dedicated battery management system (BMS) that protects Victron Smart 12,8V LFP batteries against deep discharges, overcharging and high temperatures with up to 200 Amps maximum DC current. When critical values are exceeded, the BMS acts immediately: loads are disconnected physically in case of a deep discharge and charging is stopped when there is a risk of overcharging. High temperatures trigger an immediate end to both charging and discharging.
This is the only BMS that can be directly connected to an alternator, protecting them from overload/overheating. This works with a combination of an AB fuse (rated in accordance with the expected max load current of the alternator) and an internal programmable input (which limits the input current electronically to 80% of the AB fuse).
Please check your manufacturer for the maximum charging current of your alternator and size AB fuses of the BMS 12/200 accordingly, see manual.
When different Lithium batteries & higher voltages are used, other solutions are needed, such as the VE.bus BMS and Lynx-Ion.
See our bigger boat types to see a bigger Lithium system and BMS See more info on alternator charging Lithium (and not blow them up)
Small motor boats rely on their engine to get the job done. Their engine comes with an alternator to charge the engine batteries, drive fuel pumps, etc.
Once the starter batteries are recharged, the engines can also recharge the house battery and power the boats electronics. When the engine is used the majority of the day, there will always be enough energy generation to compensate the daily consumption. However, when the boat isn’t used over time, batteries might run dead eventually. Our battery chargers take excellent care of your batteries when in the harbour or garage.
A small boat will have several electronic devices; they all run of the house battery. Think of:
Battery chargers recharge batteries (DC) when plugged into shore power (AC).
At the same time the Victron Energy battery chargers can also power devices directly.
All Victron Energy battery chargers are developed for professional duty. Our advanced multi step charging algorithms get the best out of your battery, giving the battery the power it needs, maintaining its health, ensuring better performance... and a longer life.
Smart models work with VictronConnect, so you can check the status and configure all settings of your battery charger remotely via Bluetooth. Chargers with different waterproof ratings (IP rating) are also available. Our wide range of models makes it easy to select the right charger, saving you the cost of having to buy a larger one.
Voir tous nos Chargeurs
The house battery supplies power to your boat’s electrical system. Choose a battery with a generous capacity as there might be long intervals between re-charges. Sometimes the starter battery doubles up as the house battery. If you opt for this set-up, make sure the battery is well protected against discharge. It will be hard to start the boat when the battery is flat.
For a house battery you can choose from two types: lead-acid and lithium. There are various reasons to favour one over the other. Here are a few common ones:
|
|
The house battery supplies power to your boat’s electrical system. Choose a battery with a generous capacity as there might be long intervals between re-charges. Sometimes the starter battery doubles up as the house battery. If you opt for this set-up, make sure the battery is well protected against discharge. It will be hard to start the boat when the battery is flat.
For a house battery you can choose from two types: lead-acid and lithium. There are various reasons to favour one over the other. Here are a few common ones:
|
|
An inverter creates AC power from a DC source. It lets you use devices on board that need a regular AC outlet.
The inverter needs to be big enough to handle the maximum AC load you want to bring on board. If the load exceeds 375 VA, you might consider a combined inverter/charger instead. Models start at 500 VA.
The starter battery is needed to start your boat’s engine. These batteries are different from house batteries and engineered to deal with a large discharge current. The starter battery should always be ready to go. It’s best to isolate the starter battery from all other electrical circuits on board, so it cannot be accidentally drained of power, with a BatteryCombiner.
Either in the marina or back home you’ll hook the boats charger up to shore power to recharge the battery. Shore power can also be used for maintenance and to run large AC loads.
All Victron products on your boat can be monitored and controlled from the palm of your hand. Just connect the VictronConnect App via Bluetooth and you’ll have direct access to indicators like battery voltage and current. You can also turn devices on or off, as well as change their settings.
See what the VictronConnect app can doLa consommation d'énergie variera d'un bateau à l'autre, et d'un propriétaire à l'autre, même sur les petits bateaux. Voici deux exemples de ce à quoi peut ressembler un Plan d'énergie optimal pour un petit bateau, avec une consommation d'énergie quotidienne normale et intensive.
Veuillez noter que de nombreux autres facteurs entrent en jeu lors de la conception et l'installation de votre solution optimale : votre Professionnel Victron sera ravi de vous conseiller.
Nous disposons d’un réseau mondial bien établi de professionnels Victron qui s’engagent à trouver une solution optimale à vos défis.
Chez Victron, nous estimons essentiel que les clients bénéficient d'un service et d'une assistance rapide et compétente. C'est pourquoi notre réseau mondial de professionnels Victron concentre le plus haut niveau de savoir-faire technique avec des spécialistes qui s'engagent à effectuer des réparations le plus vite possible.
Vous pouvez donc commencer ou continuer votre voyage quelle que soit votre destination.